Extract an antenna model

How to extract mix electrical/EM model for antenna (ANT). The ANT model is base on SnP and FFD Data. Extracting this model requires Electrical and EM Data coming from Simulation Domain. It takes into account the dispersive effects present in the antenna band and the mismatch introduce with non_50 Ohms element. The general hypothesis of this model is concerning the Far Field hypothesis. This model is interesting for modeling the load pull effects in modern RF front end.

1. Create a new ANT device
   In an opened project, you can create a device from Applications window or Workspace window.

   • From Applications window, right-click on Device modeler and click on Create device. You can also right-click on ANT and click on Create ANT device.
   • From Workspace window, click on Device modeler button, select ANT and click on Open button then New button.
   The Create a new device dialog box is displayed.

   
   

   

   
   

   1. In Type field, select ANT.
   2. In Model field, select ANT.
   3. In Name field, edit the name of your device. Here, we will name it "ANT_4x4".
   Click on Create button to display the new device in the tree of Applications window and the settings of the extraction in Workspace window.

   
   

   

   
   

2. Set the number of ports
   
   

   

   
   Set the number of ports corresponding to the measurement file.
3. Choose your data file
   
   
   In the Extraction Settings section, fill in the S parameter file field with the absolute or relative path of your measurement or simulation file with the extension .s2p or .cit . Click on Browser button to open the file browser and select your file in the local file system. The file browser opens directly to the data directory specified when creating the project.
   Now fill the Far filed data directory. Click on Browser button to open the file browser and select your file in the local file system.
4. Tune frequency approximation order parameter
   
   

   

   
   
   In Maximum number of poles/residues, start to put low orders and checks results graphically after extraction.

   The Technological dispersions option allows to specify a distribution law of the gain (module) and phase shift characteristics of the amplifier. Two laws of dispersion are possible (Uniform or Gaussian law). The dispersion is characterized by two parameters: the standard deviation Module, given in % of the nominal value for the gain, and the standard deviation Phase in degrees for the phase shift.

5. Extract behavioral model and check with output graphs
   Click on Extract button to start the extraction process of the model. The output console is displayed:
   

   

   
   
   The message Model Fit Error is showing the normalized mean square error (NMSE) between data and model. Close the window to see in the Applications window the number of the newly created extraction, here, 003. The results are saved and can visualized at any time by designating in the tree the associated extraction. Click on the Output graphs tab to see comparisons between data and model.

   
   

   

   
   

   The graphs show the curves of data (from measurement or simulation) in red and the extracted model in green.
6. Check measurement aberration and noise measurement
   The first extraction is an opportunity to verify the data, especially if there is measurement noise or measurement errors. This type of phenomenon can make the model extraction difficult. It can lead to aberrant results when the model is subject to complex signals. VISION provides tools to limit or eliminate these phenomena to avoid doing measurements again. In the Applications window, click on your device, here ANT_4x4. The Settings tab will show up in the Workspace window. Click on the Extraction Options section to reveal the following option:

   • Measurement aberration and noise polish filters: for the SNP model, the option S-parameters measurement noise is available to filter the noise that can be encountered on the measurement data. The user must choose the appropriate filter order.
7. Tune frequency range
   If the first extraction is not satisfactory, it is necessary to increase the number of poles/residues. Here, the extraction 004 allow to have the smallest error between the data and the model. You can label an extraction as a reference to differentiate it from others for use in System Architect. Select the appropriate extraction of your device in the Applications , right-click on it, and subsequently select the add to favourites option.

   
   

   

   
   

8. FFD description
   The last step is to fill in the Far-Field data directory with the absolute or relative path of your Electromagnetic simulation directory with the extension .eep. Click on Browser button to open the file browser and select your directory in the local file system.