Pdc analyser

Pdc analyser – Block used in order to calculate efficiency of HPA device in an electrically matched environment.

Figure: Diagram block


The input pins are :

  • in : complex input of the device.
  • out : complex output of the device.
  • Pdc : consumed DC power.
Figure: Dialog box


  • name : the name which appears in output results window.
  • type : selection of the data to compute :
    • Total PAE :


      with general power definition (x(t) expressed in sqrt(mW) :



    • Total efficiency :


    • Effective PAE:

      Effective power id computed instead of total Pout. The method to obtain effective power uses the intercorrelation technique between the input and output signals to decompose the wanted signal and the intermodulation noise. In the case where the system is stimulated by a centered Gaussian statistical signal, the Bussgang theorem [1] extended to the complex domain [2] makes it possible to express the envelope of the output signal in the following form:



      The complex envelope of the output signal is the sum of a non-distorted component and intermodulation noise which is by definition uncorrelated with the input signal (orthogonality hypothesis):



      The undistorted component is none other than the complex envelope of the input signal to which a constant gain is applied. This constant gain is called the equivalent complex gain and is calculated by the ratio between the cross correlation of the input and output signals and the autocorrelation of the input signal [1] [3] for a delay ensuring the condition of the input signal. equation:



      Then it is easy to develop the effective output signal :



      The relationship with effective power is then :



      Then :



    • Effective efficiency:


[1] J. J. Bussgang, «Cross correlation function of amplitude-distorted Gaussian signals,» Res. Lab. Electron., M.I.T. Cambridge, Tech. Rep. 216 Sect. 3, 1952.

[2] N. Ermolova et S.-G. Häggman, «An extension of Bussgang's theory to complex-valued signals,» Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Signal Processing Symposium, 2004.

[3] S.-W. Chen, W. Panton et R. Gilmore, «Effects of nonlinear distortion on CDMA communication systems,» IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and techniques, vol. 44, n° %112, pp. 2743-2750, Dec 1996. [18] A. S. J. Gilmour, Klystrons, Traveling Wave Tubes, Magnetrons, Crossed-Field Amplifiers and Gyrotrons, Artech House, 2011.